翻译中，一些技巧需要掌握的知识点

1.Taking the output in 1976 as 100, the output of grain this year rose to 140.

若把1976年产量当作100,那么今年粮食产量增加到140.

这里:"若...当作"的翻译很好.

2.By using the new process the reject rate was reduced to 3 per cent.

采用新的工艺方法,废品率下降到3%.

By,介词,使用很好.意为"凭借..."

3.在科技英语中,常用这种结构对某一术语下定义.

a)By 名词 is meant 名词:译为:指的是...; 是指...;所谓...就是...

What is meant by energy? 能量的意思是什么?

By energy is meant the ability to do work. 能量指的是做工的本领.

By motor is meant a machine changing electrical energy into mechanical energy. 所谓电动机就是把电能转变为机械能的机器.

By friction is meant a force opposing motion. 摩擦力指的是阻碍运动的一种力.

By acceleration is meant the rate of change of velocity with time. 加速度指的是速度随时间的变化率.

By power is meant the rate of doing work. 所谓功率指的是做工的速率.

b) by 名词 we (someone) mean (meant)名词 译为:...(我们)指的是...; ...是指...; 所谓...就是...

By DC we mean a current always flowing in one direction. 直流电是指始终都在一个方向上流动的电流.

By motion we mean the change in the position of a body. 所谓运动就是物体位置的变化.

By free electrons we mean some particles charged negatively and being free to move from atom to atom within a conductor. 自由电子指的是一些带负电, 能在导体内部从一个原子移动到另一个原子的微粒.

By heat engine people mean an engine converting heat energy into mechanical work. 热机是指把热能转变为机械功的一种发动机.

c)by名词 it is meant that 句子译为: ...指的是...;...是指...;所谓...就是...;...的意思是...

By AC it is meant that a current flows first in one direction and then back again. 交流电的意思是电流首先沿某方向流动,然后再往回流动.

By vector it is meant that a quantity possesses both magnitude and direction. 矢量指的是既有大小,又有方向的量.

By capacitor it is meant that a device keeps electricity in store. 电容器是保存电能的器件.

4.他常常这样做

Often does he do like this.

5.鉴于倍数表达法在英语运用过程中的重要性, 现将其用法作一归纳。

用times表示倍数（一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数, 一般twice）。

其句型有:

a).... times＋形容词（副词）比较级＋than...

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍大）

The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍快）

b).... times＋as＋形容词（或much）或副词原级＋as...

The big box is four times as heavy as the small one. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。

Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。

Ten is twice as much as five. 十是五的两倍。

The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍）

c).... times＋the＋名词（size, height, weight, length, width）＋of

Your playground is 900 metres wide, three times the size of ours. 你们操场有900米宽, 是我们的三倍。

This street is four times the length of that one. 这条大街是那条街的四倍长。

This big tree is four times the height of that small one. 这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的四倍。（比那棵小树高三倍）

也可译成: The height of the big tree is four times that of that small one.

d).... times＋more＋名词（可数, 不可数）＋than...

There are four times more books in our library than in yours. 我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆的四倍。（多三倍）

We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year. 我们今年生产的粮食比去年增长一倍。（是去年的两倍）

e).... times ＋as many（或much）＋名词＋其它……

There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one. 这个壶里的水（量）是那个壶里的三倍。

There are five times as many students as we expected. 到的人是我们预计的五倍。

f).... times＋over＋被比对象表示“增加……倍”。

如: The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978. 那个村的粮食产量比一九七八年的增加了两倍。

g).... times＋that of＋被比对象“是……倍”。

如: In this workshop, the output of July was 3. 5 times that of January. 这个车间七月份的产量是元月份的三点五倍。

My room is three times as big as yours.我的房间是你的房间的三倍大。

My room is three times biggger than yours.我的房间比你的房间大三倍。也就是说 我的房间是你的房间的四倍大。

这里：注意“比”和“是”的区别。这点常常困扰人。

6.Separate与divide的区别。

这两个词意义相近，但略有不同。 separate 指把结合或聚集在一起的东西分离出来，或将相关的或相临的事物隔离开来； divide指把一个整体分成若干部分。

例如： The land is separated into small fields. 那块地被分割成小块的田地。

Separate the good ones from the bad. 把好的和坏的分开。

The whole class was divided into three groups. 全班分成三个小组。